International Business Machines Corporation Ratios | P/E, ROE & Valuation

On the Key Ratios page for International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), the latest P/E of 18.5 frames valuation, while ROE 35.54% and ROIC 9.66% indicates profitability and capital efficiency. Together with the current ratio of 0.80 and debt-to-equity 2.12, these signals help you judge whether valuation is supported by fundamentals across the historical rows.

Financial Performance Ratios

IBM Historical Per Share Metrics

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Revenue per Share$73.43$66.96$67.89$67.06$64.01$61.97$65.05$87.27$84.84$83.65
Net Income per Share$11.46$6.43$8.23$1.82$6.41$6.28$10.63$9.57$6.17$12.43
Operating Cash Flow per Share$14.91$14.35$15.29$11.56$14.28$20.44$16.65$16.72$17.93$17.88
Free Cash Flow per Share$13.94$12.55$13.30$9.38$11.19$16.81$13.37$12.37$13.88$13.54
Cash per Share$12.56$15.57$14.75$9.68$8.09$15.51$10.00$13.15$13.49$8.93
Book Value per Share$35.22$29.23$24.82$24.40$21.20$23.28$23.65$18.56$19.00$19.25
Tangible Book Value per Share$-59.97$-46.92$-53.34$-49.98$-54.86$-52.54$-59.14$-24.59$-24.45$-23.55
Interest Debt per Share$76.46$64.14$67.54$61.18$62.83$74.55$77.97$50.98$50.91$44.80
CAPEX per Share$0.96$1.80$1.99$2.18$3.09$3.63$3.28$4.35$4.04$4.34

IBM Historical Valuation Ratios

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Price to Earnings (P/E)18.4834.2119.8777.5520.8619.1512.0411.3423.7612.76
Price to Book (P/B)6.057.546.615.86.345.25.455.97.778.3
Price to Sales (P/S)2.93.282.412.12.091.941.971.241.731.9
Enterprise Value to EBITDA14.6820.5713.3324.1613.5615.0611.888.0710.3610.72
EV to Sales3.763.993.172.862.932.883.011.682.172.33
EV to Operating Cash Flow18.518.6314.0616.6113.158.7311.758.7510.2610.88
EV to Free Cash Flow19.7821.316.1620.4816.7810.6214.6311.8313.2514.37
Enterprise Value$258.87B$250.47B$195.90B$173.30B$168.25B$158.93B$173.58B$133.45B$171.54B$185.82B

IBM Historical Profitability Ratios

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Return on Equity (ROE)35.54%22.06%33.29%7.47%30.38%27.14%45.25%51.96%32.70%65.07%
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)9.66%9.51%7.84%12.43%6.30%5.74%6.00%10.66%6.99%15.94%
Return on Tangible Assets16.08%9.15%11.72%2.73%8.99%6.32%11.98%10.39%6.78%15.50%
Earnings Yield5.39%2.92%5.03%1.29%4.79%5.22%8.30%8.81%4.21%7.84%
Free Cash Flow Yield6.55%5.71%8.13%6.65%8.37%13.98%10.44%11.40%9.47%8.54%
Dividend Yield3.16%2.98%4.05%4.68%4.90%5.41%5.02%5.72%4.03%3.47%

IBM Historical Liquidity & Financial Strength

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Current Ratio0.81.040.960.920.880.981.021.291.331.21
Interest Coverage6.215.886.116.725.943.627.3819.2719.8223.3
Income Quality2.442.231.866.372.233.261.571.752.911.44
Debt to Equity2.122.142.662.462.923.163.272.732.662.31
Debt to Assets44.68%42.57%44.32%42.45%41.77%41.73%44.79%37.13%37.35%35.90%
Net Debt to EBITDA3.353.653.196.433.914.914.112.082.111.98

IBM Historical Efficiency Ratios

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Receivables Turnover4.844.484.438.647.948.886.910.072.472.73
Payables Turnover76.756.676.876.546.035.356.56.546.67
Inventory Turnover19.1621.123.7417.9415.6913.2216.1725.3626.6626.66
Days Sales Outstanding75.4581.4982.3542.2445.9841.1152.8836.24148.05133.56
Days Payables Outstanding52.1454.154.7253.1155.8160.5468.2656.1255.854.74
Days of Inventory on Hand19.0517.315.3820.3523.2727.6122.5714.3913.6913.69

IBM Historical Market Metrics

10 years
Metric (FY)TTM202420232022202120202019201820172016
Enterprise Value to EBITDA14.6820.5713.3324.1613.5615.0611.888.0710.3610.72
Market Cap$199.89B$206.02B$149.03B$127.18B$119.76B$107.06B$113.59B$99.02B$136.69B$151.48B
Enterprise Value$258.87B$250.47B$195.90B$173.30B$168.25B$158.93B$173.58B$133.45B$171.54B$185.82B
Dividend Yield3.16%2.98%4.05%4.68%4.90%5.41%5.02%5.72%4.03%3.47%
Payout Ratio58.42%102.06%80.51%362.68%102.21%103.70%60.51%64.92%95.71%44.27%

Frequently Asked Questions

Is International Business Machines Corporation stock overvalued based on its P/E ratio?

On this page, IBM's current P/E is 18.5, compared with a multi-year average around 25.0. A lower P/E versus its own history is often interpreted as relatively cheaper valuation (all else equal). In practice, the "why" matters: check whether the lower multiple is supported by profitability and earnings quality (for example, ROE/ROIC and income quality in the table), or whether it reflects weaker fundamentals.

What is International Business Machines Corporation market cap?

Market cap is the market value of a company's equity and is commonly calculated as share price multiplied by shares outstanding. The latest market cap shown in the table is $199.89B. Pair market cap with valuation multiples (P/E, P/B, P/S) so you can evaluate whether size also corresponds with "quality" and profitability. For a wider view across stocks, you can also use the stock screener.

What is a good P/E ratio for International Business Machines Corporation compared to its industry?

There isn't one universal "good" P/E - P/E should be judged against the business model and expected growth for its sector. A practical approach is: (1) compare the P/E on this page to International Business Machines Corporation's own historical range (shown across the table's rows), and (2) benchmark against peer companies using the Screener's P/E filters and the Peers Comparison/Compare tools. If profitability (ROE/ROIC) and cash-flow strength are improving, a higher P/E can be more defensible; if returns are slipping, even a lower P/E may be a value trap.

How does International Business Machines Corporation compare to its competitors in key financial ratios?

The fastest way to compare International Business Machines Corporation with competitors is to use the built-in "Peers Comparison" section on this page and the Compare tool. Focus on a small set of ratios that work together: P/E for valuation, ROE/ROIC for profitability and capital efficiency, current ratio and interest coverage for liquidity and solvency, and debt-to-equity for leverage risk. When you see International Business Machines Corporation outperform peers on profitability while keeping valuation and leverage reasonable, it often signals stronger fundamentals.

Is International Business Machines Corporation financially strong based on its ratios?

To assess whether International Business Machines Corporation is financially strong, review both profitability and balance-sheet risk together. Current ratio is about 0.80, which is below 1.0 and can suggest tighter short-term liquidity. Interest coverage is about 6.21, implying a stronger ability to cover interest expenses. Debt-to-equity is about 2.12, suggesting higher leverage than a low-debt profile. Then confirm the same story is supported by ROE/ROIC (quality of earnings) and by cash-flow backed metrics in the table.

What do International Business Machines Corporation's financial ratios say about its future growth?

Ratios are a way to see what the business is likely to sustain. Look for upward trends in profitability metrics (ROE and ROIC), improving earnings/cash-flow backed measures, and stable or strengthening liquidity. If International Business Machines Corporation is sustaining strong returns (for example ROE at 35.54% and ROIC at 9.66%) while debt levels and interest coverage remain manageable, growth expectations may be more credible. If valuation multiples expand while returns weaken, the market may be pricing optimistic growth ahead of results.